Objective: The present study aims to explore the concept of "Consultation" (Shura) and "Collective Wisdom" in the Holy Quran as a fundamental pillar of social life and to compare it with participatory theories in modern management. The objective is to identify points of convergence while revealing the fundamental differences between these two approaches in terms of their foundations, objectives, and the philosophy of decision-making.
Method: This research employs a descriptive-analytical method with a comparative approach. The required data were collected through an extensive review of library documents, authoritative Quranic exegesis sources, as well as books and articles related to contemporary management theories. The collected data were subsequently subjected to qualitative analysis.
Results: The research findings indicate that consultation in the Quran transcends a mere managerial technique; it is considered a religious and moral duty rooted in values such as justice, piety (Taqwa), and the pursuit of divine pleasure. Furthermore, the comparative analysis reveals that while both Quranic and modern perspectives acknowledge the benefits of participation such as enhancing decision-making quality and strengthening social capital there exist substantial and significant differences between them concerning components such as the source of legitimacy, the ultimate criteria for decision-making, and the role of the Divine in the processes.
Conclusions: Ultimately, it is concluded that Quranic teachings, possessing profound spiritual and ethical foundations, have the capacity to offer an indigenous and effective model of Islamic management. Such a model can successfully integrate organizational efficiency with human values and can play a significant role in the theorization of Islamic human sciences, as well as in enhancing cohesion and legitimacy within contemporary organizations.