پژوهش های نوین در مطالعات علوم انسانی اسلامی

پژوهش های نوین در مطالعات علوم انسانی اسلامی

دیدگاه‌های ادیان در مورد IVF، همسانه‌سازی، و فناوری‌های زیستی‌ نوظهور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار، پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته‌ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای (NSTRI)، کرج، ایران.
2 استادیار، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.
3 استادیار، دانشکده دندانپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گیلان، رشت، ایران.
4 استادیار، گروه معارف اسلامی، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران.
چکیده
هدف پژوهش: این مطالعه به‌ بررسی نقش دین و دیدگاه‌های ادیان مختلف (اسلام، مسیحیت، یهودیت، هندوئیسم و بوداییسم) در مواجهه با مسائل زیست‌اخلاقی، به‌ویژه فناوری‌های نوین مانند همسانه‌سازی و لقاح مصنوعی (IVF)، می‌پردازد. همچنین، هدف آن تحلیل تأثیر این دیدگاه‌ها بر گفت‌وگوهای اخلاقی معاصر، قانون‌گذاری و افکار عمومی است. 
روش پژوهش: این پژوهش با رویکردی تحلیلی‌-توصیفی و با استفاده از منابع کتابخانه‌ای، متون دینی و مطالعات پیشین در حوزه اخلاق زیستی انجام شده است. داده‌ها از طریق بررسی آرای الهی‌دانان و متفکران ادیان مختلف استخراج و تحلیل شده‌اند. 
یافته‌ها:  1-ادیان مختلف نگرش‌های متفاوتی به فناوری‌های تولیدمثل مانند IVF و همسانه‌سازی دارند که این نگرش‌ها ریشه در آموزه‌های دینی و فلسفه‌های اخلاقی آن‌ها دارد. 2- دیدگاه‌های دینی بر سیاست‌گذاری‌های عمومی و قوانین مرتبط با زیست‌فناوری تأثیرگذار بوده‌اند. 3-  با وجود سکولار شدن بسیاری از فلسفه‌های اخلاق زیستی، مباحث دینی همچنان در شکل‌دهی به گفتمان‌های اخلاقی نقش ایفا می‌کنند. 
نتیجه‌گیری:  این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که ادیان مختلف درک و تفسیر متفاوتی از مسائل زیست‌اخلاقی ارائه می‌دهند و این تفاوت‌ها بر تصمیم‌گیری‌های فردی و اجتماعی تأثیر می‌گذارند. همچنین، تأثیر این دیدگاه‌ها بر قانون‌گذاری و افکار عمومی، ضرورت توجه به گفت‌وگوی بین‌ادیانی و بین‌افرهنگی در حل چالش‌های اخلاقی نوظهور را پررنگ می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

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  • تاریخ دریافت 07 آذر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 09 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 اسفند 1403