New researches in Islamic humanities studies

New researches in Islamic humanities studies

Analysis of the Theory of Unity of Existence in the Religion of Manifestation from the Perspective of Attar and Sheikh Shabestari

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Yasuj University, Yasuj, Iran
2 PhD in Iranian History from Shiraz University and Master's student in Political Science from Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Graduated from Yasuj University, Persian Language and Literature.
10.22034/api.2024.2019797.1002
Abstract
In the worldview of the Unity of Being, all possibilities are composed of a hierarchy that starts from the first matter and ends with the universal being, and all beings, like concentric circles, reflect their unique center, which is existence. In this worldview, man is manifested from the manifestation of names and attributes of God, and the world is manifested from the manifestation of his actions, and the eternal Beloved, with His holy and sacred graces, has caused the emergence of all these patterns and images. Persian mystical poetry is an expression of the thought of the mystical unity of being and a reflection of the deep concepts of the mystic and loving poets who have expressed it with their mystical experience. Therefore, the explanation and analysis of the poems of Attar and Sheikh Shabestari shows that they have addressed similar themes regarding the manifestation of unity; Because both agree that creation has emerged from the manifestation of the names, attributes, and actions of the one God, and that all possibilities are like numerous mirrors that, according to their characteristics, are the reflection of that absolute essence. The metaphor of a mirror is the most obvious metaphor that these two mystics use in this case to show the relationship between possibilities and the manifestation of truth. Their only difference is that Attar looks at the manifestation of truth in the mirror of possibilities with a more romantic gaze than Shabestari; and Shabestari faces the shame of the head with greater modesty and modesty, and with a more acute humility.
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