Humans have always attacked the environment in the pursuit of a better life and have caused many damages, some of which are irreparable. Humans have long believed that the environment was created for human use and benefit, although it has also been destroyed by humans. Although in the past few decades, efforts have been made to protect this valuable treasure and legacy for future generations by raising awareness, enacting laws, and imposing certain restrictions; however, the serious and widespread damages that have been systematically and organized by governments and multinational corporations to the environment have resulted in widespread violations of fundamental human rights. This is also the reason for the close connection between human rights crimes and environmental crimes; therefore, it seems that one of the basic conditions for protecting human rights is protecting the environment from environmental crimes. One of the most important environmental crimes that emerged from the devastating and violent American war against Vietnam is ecocide, and the efforts of environmentalists over the past few decades to criminalize this destructive human behavior have been unsuccessful due to the influence of multinational corporations and the unwillingness of governments to recognize this crime. In this study, which is presented in a library and descriptive-analytical manner, by looking at the historical and legislative course of ecocide and analyzing environmental crimes from the perspective of green criminology, the ecosystem, and the environment, an attempt has been made to identify the perpetrators of this crime and emphasize the necessity of criminalizing ecocide.